Global warming data tables

Table 1: Trace gas characteristics and their estimated future impacts on atmospheric warming.

Characteristics	H2O	CO2	CH4	N2O	CFC-11	CFC-12	O3
Concentration (ppmv) Pre-1850 1985 A.D. 2030 A.D.	Variable Variable Variable	275 345 450	0.7 1.7 2.3	0.28 0.30 0.38	0 0.22 1.1	0 0.38 1.8	Upto 25% less than now 0.1-1.0 Upto 12.5% more than now
Main IR absorption wavelength (m)	6.3-8.0 >15	4.3 15	3.3 7.6	4.5, 7.6 8.6	9.22 11.22	8.68-9.13 10.93	4.75 9.6
Observed (%) increase 1975-1985	Variable	4.6	11.0	3.5	103.0	101.0	Variable
Approximate lifetime in atmosphere in years	Variable	2	5-10	120	65	110	0.1-0.3
IR trapping (W m-2) 1985 2050	Variable Variable	50 53	1.7 2.5	1.3 1.5	0.06 0.3	0.12 0.6	1.3 1.7
Estimated temperate increase (oK)	Variable	0.71	0.2-0.25	0.10	0.24	0.12	0.06

Table 2. Effects of differences in potential climatic changes from doubling of carbon dioxide concentrations in three global GCMs compared to present-day control.

(Data: Schlesinger and Mitchell, 1987)

Parameter	Season	Model NCAR	Model GISS	Model DFDL
MAXIMUM SURFACE WARMING Latitude average (0C) Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere Geographical Location Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere	DJF JJA DJF JJA	7 13 16 18	7 7 10 18	14 7 18 14
LATITUDE OF MAXIMUM SURFACE WARMING Northern Hemisphere (0N) Southern Hemisphere (0S)	DJF JJA	65 65	80 80	80 80
Tropospheric min. Maritime warming (0C)	Both	2	4	4
Stratospheric max. cooling (0C)	Both	-6	-3	-8
Precipitation, 300N-300S	Both	More to S Less to N	More to N Less to S	More to S Less to N
Indian summer monsoon strength Tropical rain rate increase (mm/day)	JJA Both	Same 0.75	Lesser 1.25	Much more 0
SOIL MOISTURE CHANGE Australia Africa	DJF JJA	Drier Drier except N	Wetter Wetter except N	Wetter Dry in E wetter in W

DJF = December, January, February (Winter in Northern Hemisphere); JJA = June, July, August (Winter in Southern Hemisphere)

Table 3. Estimated average growth and yield changes in C₃ species assuming a doubling of CO₂ concentration. (SCOPE, 1986)

C3-group	Species	Immature crop		Mature crop
		No. of records	% increase in biomass	No. of records	% increase in biomass
Fiber crop Fruit crop Grain crop Leaf crop Pulses Root crops C3 weeds Trees	Cotton Cucumber, eggplant, okra, pepper, tomato Barley, rice, wheat, sunflower Cabbage, white clover, fescue, lettuce, chard Pea, bean, soybean Sugar beet, radish Jimson weed, pigweed, ragweed, sicklepod, other weeds Cottonwood	5 15 6 5 18 10 10 14	124 40 20 37 43 49 34 26	2 12 15 9 13 Nil Nil Nil	104 21 36 19 17 ? ? ?
Mean of all C3 plants		83	40+7	51	26+9*

* = 95% confidence limits.

Note: C3 plants have the highest rate of photosynthesis and can assimilate carbon dioxide better than lower plants.

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